Sequencer
The entity that orders and batches transactions on an L2 rollup before submitting them to L1.
In-Depth Explanation
Sequencers determine transaction ordering on L2s—a powerful position that can extract MEV and charge fees. Most L2s currently have centralized sequencers (run by the L2 team), though decentralization is a roadmap goal. Sequencer revenue = user fees paid minus L1 posting costs.
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Related Terms
Layer 2
L2Scaling solutions built on top of a base blockchain (L1) that process transactions off-chain while inheriting L1 security.
Rollup
An L2 scaling solution that executes transactions off-chain but posts transaction data or proofs to L1 for security.
Maximal Extractable Value
MEVValue that can be extracted by reordering, inserting, or censoring transactions within a block.
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View all →Gas Fees
Transaction fees paid to validators/miners for executing operations on a blockchain.
Gwei
A denomination of Ether equal to one billionth of an ETH, commonly used to express gas prices.
Layer 2
L2Scaling solutions built on top of a base blockchain (L1) that process transactions off-chain while inheriting L1 security.
Layer 1
L1The base blockchain that provides security and consensus, such as Ethereum, Bitcoin, or Solana.